Core Concepts

Understanding the fundamental concepts of X1NS will help you make the most of the naming service.

Domains

A domain is a human-readable name that resolves to a blockchain address.

Domain Structure

Examples:

• alice.x1
• 💎gem.xnt
• 火.xen

Domain Ownership

• Permanent - One-time payment, no renewals
• Transferable - Send to any wallet address
• Deletable - Reclaim rent if no longer needed (regular domains only)
• NFT-Compatible - Can be tokenized for trading

Primary Domain

Your primary domain acts as your Web3 username across the X1NS ecosystem.

How It Works

Benefits

• 🎯 Shows instead of wallet address in marketplaces
• 🔗 Acts as your public Web3 identity
• 👤 Links to your profile page
• ✨ Works for both regular and NFT domains

Setting Primary Domain

1. Must own the domain
2. Click star icon (⭐) in “My Domains”
3. Sign transaction
4. Domain is now your identity!

Subdomains

Create unlimited subdomains under your parent domain for organization.

Structure

Examples:

• pay.alice.x1 - For payments
• nft.alice.x1 - For NFT collections
• dao.company.x1 - For organization
• api.service.x1 - For services

Use Cases

NFT Tokenization

Convert domains into tradeable NFTs on the SPL token standard.

Before Tokenization

Domain Account
├── Name: alice.x1
├── Owner: X1def456...xyz
└── Type: Regular Domain

After Tokenization

Domain Account + NFT
├── Name: alice.x1
├── Owner: X1def456...xyz
├── Type: NFT Domain
└── NFT Mint: X1nft123...abc
    └── Tradeable on Marketplace

Benefits

• ✅ Trade on marketplace
• ✅ SPL token standard
• ✅ Still works as primary domain
• ✅ All domain functions intact

Cost

• ~0.01 XNT one-time fee
• Covers NFT mint creation
• Includes rent exemption

Profile Records

Store additional data with your domain like social links and crypto addresses.

Supported Records

Social Links

• Twitter/X - Your handle
• Discord - Username
• Website - URL

Crypto Addresses

• X1 - X1 blockchain address
• SOL - Solana address
• ETH - Ethereum address
• BTC - Bitcoin address

Example Profile

{
  "domain": "alice.x1",
  "owner": "X1def456...xyz",
  "records": {
    "social": {
      "twitter": "@alice",
      "discord": "alice#1234",
      "website": "https://alice.com"
    },
    "addresses": {
      "X1": "X1def456...xyz",
      "SOL": "Soldef456...xyz",
      "ETH": "0xdef456...xyz",
      "BTC": "bc1qdef456...xyz"
    }
  }
}

Resolution

Resolution is the process of converting a domain name to its blockchain address.

Forward Resolution

Convert domain → address:

alice.x1 → X1def456...xyz

Reverse Resolution

Convert address → domain:

X1def456...xyz → alice.x1 (if set as primary)

How It Works

1. Query - Application requests domain resolution
2. Lookup - X1NS searches on-chain data
3. Return - Owner address is returned
4. Use - Application uses the address

Rent Exemption

All X1NS domains are rent-exempt, meaning they’re permanent.

What is Rent?

On Solana-based chains, accounts normally pay “rent” to store data. Rent-exempt accounts pay enough SOL upfront to exist forever.

How X1NS Handles Rent

• ✅ Registration fee includes rent exemption
• ✅ No ongoing fees or renewals
• ✅ Domain exists permanently on-chain
• ✅ Can reclaim rent by deleting domain (regular domains only)

Rent Amounts

Marketplace

Trade domains on the X1NS marketplace with built-in escrow.

How It Works

Process

1. Tokenize - Convert domain to NFT (one-time)
2. List - Set price and create listing
3. Wait - Buyers can browse and purchase
4. Sell - Automatic escrow transfer
5. Done - Receive XNT, buyer gets domain

Fees

• Tokenization: ~0.01 XNT (one-time)
• Listing: Free
• Transaction: Network fees only

Security Model

X1NS security is based on Solana’s proven cryptographic model.

Ownership Verification

• Wallet Signature - All actions require signature
• On-Chain Validation - Smart contracts verify ownership
• Immutable Records - Blockchain ensures integrity

Trust Model

• No Central Authority - Fully decentralized
• Open Source - All code is auditable
• Battle-Tested - Built on SPL Name Service
• Transparent - All transactions on-chain

Next Steps

Now that you understand the core concepts:

• Register a Domain - Put concepts into practice
• User Guide - Learn detailed features
• Developer Guide - Build with X1NS